Difference between revisions of "MS-DOS to Linux commands"

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{| class="wikitable"
 
{| class="wikitable"
 
|-
 
|-
−
! Command's Purpose !! MS-DOS !! Linux !! Basic Linux Example
+
! Command's Purpose !! MS-DOS !! Linux !! Example
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Copies files || copy || cp || cp thisfile.txt /home/thisdirectory
+
| Lists files || dir || ls || ls -la
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Moves files || move || mv || mv thisfile.txt /home/thisdirectory
+
| Copies files || copy || cp || cp file.txt /home/directory
 +
|-
 +
| Moves files || move || mv || mv file.txt /home/directory
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Renames a file || ren || mv || mv thisfile.txt thatfile.txt
 
| Renames a file || ren || mv || mv thisfile.txt thatfile.txt
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Lists files || dir || ls || ls
+
| Deletes files || del || rm || rm file.txt
 +
|-
 +
| Deletes folders || rd || rm -rf || rm -rf /home/directory
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Changes directories with a relative path || cd .. || cd .. || cd ..
 
| Changes directories with a relative path || cd .. || cd .. || cd ..
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Changes directories with a specified path (absolute path) || cd pathname || cd pathname || cd /directory/directory
+
| Changes directories with a specified path (absolute path) || cd pathname || cd pathname || cd /home/directory
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Creates a directory || mkdir || mkdir || mkdir directory
+
| Creates a directory || md || mkdir || mkdir directory
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Shows your location in the file system || chdir || pwd || pwd
+
| Shows your location in the file system || cd || pwd || pwd
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Shows contents of a file || type || cat || cat thisfile.txt
+
| Shows contents of a file || type || cat || cat file.txt
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Screens through a file || more || less || less thisfile.txt
+
| Finds a string in a file || find || grep || grep abc file.txt
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Filter contents of a file || find || grep || cat thisfile.txt <nowiki>|</nowiki> grep abc
+
| Compares the contents of files || fc || diff || diff file1 file2
 +
|-
 +
| Screens through a file || more || less || less file.txt
 
|-
 
|-
 
| Clears screen || cls || clear || clear
 
| Clears screen || cls || clear || clear
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|-
 
|-
 
| Displays the time || time || date || date
 
| Displays the time || time || date || date
−
|-
 
−
| Deletes files || del || rm || rm thisfile.txt
 
 
|-
 
|-
 
| "Echoes" output on the screen || echo || echo || echo this message
 
| "Echoes" output on the screen || echo || echo || echo this message
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Edits files with simple text editor || edit || pico || pico thisfile.txt
+
| Edits files with simple text editor || edit || pico || pico file.txt
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Compares the contents of files || fc || diff || diff file1 file2
+
| Formats a thumbdrive || format D: || mke2fs (or mformat) || /sbin/mke2fs /dev/usb0
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Finds a string of text in a file || find || grep || grep this word or phrase thisfile.txt
+
| Compress files || arj || tar/gzip || tar zcvf /home/directory
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Formats a thumbdrive|| format D: || mke2fs (or mformat) || /sbin/mke2fs /dev/usb0
+
| Displays command help || command /? || command --help || ls --help (or man ls)
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Displays command help || command /? || man || man command
+
| Shows amount of RAM and use || mem || free || free
 
|-
 
|-
−
| Shows amount of RAM and use || mem || free || procinfo
+
| Ping a host || ping || ping || ping 8.8.8.8
 +
|-
 +
| Shows network connections || netstat || netstat || netstat -na
 +
|-
 +
| Shows IP address || ipconfig || ifconfig || ifconfig
 
|}
 
|}
  
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  df: Display disk space usage
 
  df: Display disk space usage
 
  find: Search for files and directories within a directory hierarchy
 
  find: Search for files and directories within a directory hierarchy
 +
tail: Display the last lines of log files
 
  chmod: Change file permissions
 
  chmod: Change file permissions
 
  chown: Change file owner and group
 
  chown: Change file owner and group
−
  sudo: Execute a command as the superuser or another user
+
  sudo/su: Execute a command as the superuser
 
  apt-get/yum/dnf: Package management commands for installing packages
 
  apt-get/yum/dnf: Package management commands for installing packages
 
  ps: Display information about active processes
 
  ps: Display information about active processes
−
kill: Terminate processes.
+
kill: Terminate processes
 +
crontab: Schedule tasks
 +
 
 +
Useful equivalencies to be aware of:
 +
autoexec.bat: /etc/rc.local
 +
Pipe <nowiki>|</nowiki> works the same: cat file.txt <nowiki>|</nowiki> grep abc
 +
C:\Users: /home
 +
Registry: /etc
 +
DLLs: /lib

Latest revision as of 19:33, 24 March 2024

Many Linux commands typed at a shell prompt are similar to the commands you would type in MS-DOS. In fact, some commands are identical.

Command's Purpose MS-DOS Linux Example
Lists files dir ls ls -la
Copies files copy cp cp file.txt /home/directory
Moves files move mv mv file.txt /home/directory
Renames a file ren mv mv thisfile.txt thatfile.txt
Deletes files del rm rm file.txt
Deletes folders rd rm -rf rm -rf /home/directory
Changes directories with a relative path cd .. cd .. cd ..
Changes directories with a specified path (absolute path) cd pathname cd pathname cd /home/directory
Creates a directory md mkdir mkdir directory
Shows your location in the file system cd pwd pwd
Shows contents of a file type cat cat file.txt
Finds a string in a file find grep grep abc file.txt
Compares the contents of files fc diff diff file1 file2
Screens through a file more less less file.txt
Clears screen cls clear clear
Closes prompt window exit exit exit
Displays or sets date date date date
Displays the time time date date
"Echoes" output on the screen echo echo echo this message
Edits files with simple text editor edit pico pico file.txt
Formats a thumbdrive format D: mke2fs (or mformat) /sbin/mke2fs /dev/usb0
Compress files arj tar/gzip tar zcvf /home/directory
Displays command help command /? command --help ls --help (or man ls)
Shows amount of RAM and use mem free free
Ping a host ping ping ping 8.8.8.8
Shows network connections netstat netstat netstat -na
Shows IP address ipconfig ifconfig ifconfig

Additional essential Linux commands, with no equivalent in MS-DOS are listed below: 

df: Display disk space usage
find: Search for files and directories within a directory hierarchy
tail: Display the last lines of log files
chmod: Change file permissions
chown: Change file owner and group
sudo/su: Execute a command as the superuser
apt-get/yum/dnf: Package management commands for installing packages
ps: Display information about active processes
kill: Terminate processes
crontab: Schedule tasks

Useful equivalencies to be aware of: 

autoexec.bat: /etc/rc.local
Pipe | works the same: cat file.txt | grep abc
C:\Users: /home
Registry: /etc
DLLs: /lib
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